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就培养证实肺结核诊断患者的疾液抗酸杆菌（AFB）涂片和培养结果进行回顾性分析。材料与方法采用N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸-氢氧化钠法对1986年～1996年期间所有肺结核患者的送检疫波标本进行浓缩须处理。以常规离心法制片，金胺-若丹明染色后镜检AFB；以BACTEC12B培养瓶和Middlebrook7Hll平极进行结核菌培养，以p-硝基-α-乙酰氨基-β-羟基苯酮活性和／或AccuProbeDNA杂交试验进行菌种鉴定。结果对17723份呼吸道标本进行了AFB涂片和培养检查，2545价为分校杆菌属细菌阳性，其中706份（28％）为结核分枝杆菌。246例培养证实的肺结核患者中，93％（229／246）检自1次以上疾液标本，其余17例分别检自支气管肺泡灌洗液（三里倒）、胸水（4例）、支气管刷检（五例）和肺活组织检查（1例）。痰标本培养阳性患者中，AFB涂片和培养1次标本阳性为25％（58／229），2次为22／（51／229），3次为53％（120／229）。AFB涂片检查阳性在仅送检1次标本患者为46％，2次送检至少发现1次为60％，3次以上为45％。培养阳性在送检互、2、3和4次以上标本的阳性率分别为21％、17％、41％和21％。25例仅有1次培养阳性的患者中．24例为涂片阴性；收集3次以上标本的患者中．至少3次培养阳性为62％。95％（113／120）患者在第1次或第2次送
A retrospective analysis was performed on smear and culture of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS N-Acetyl-L-cysteine-sodium hydroxide method was used to treat all the specimens of pulmonary tuberculosis from 1986 to 1996. Produced by routine centrifugation, AFB was microscopically detected by Auramine-Rhodamine staining, TB culture was performed by BACTEC12B flask and Middlebrook7Hll plate. The activity of p-nitro-α-acetamido-β-hydroxybenzophenone and / Or AccuProbeDNA hybridization test for species identification. Results A total of 17723 airway specimens were examined by AFB smear and culture. The 2545 price was positive for the bacteria belonging to the genus Proteobacteria, of which 706 (28%) were Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among the 246 cases of confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis, 93% (229/246) of them were detected from one or more disease samples and the remaining 17 cases were detected from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (Sanli inverted), pleural effusion (4 cases), bronchial brush test (Five cases) and lung biopsy (one case). Among the sputum specimens positive for culture, AFB smear and culture specimens were positive for 25% (58/229), twice for 22/ (51/229), and for three times for 53% (120/229). The AFB smear test was positive in 46% of patients who tested only one specimen, 60% at least once, and 45% at least three times. The positive rates of culture positive were 21%, 17%, 41% and 21% respectively in samples submitted 2, 3 and 4 times. Of the 25 patients who had only one positive culture. 24 cases were negative smear; collected more than 3 specimens of patients. At least 3 cultures were positive 62%. 95% (113/120) patients were sent on the 1st or 2nd