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热离子能量转换器是一种将热能直接转换成电能的电真空器件。它依靠发射极的热电子发射以及收集极对发射极的正接触电位差而输出电流。这样的器件可以将加热发射极的能量变成低压大电流的直流电输出。这种工作原理是五十年代初提出的,现在已进入到实验和应用研究阶段。国际上开过多次热离子器件的专业会议,自1966年起每年举办的能量转换工程会议上都有这种器件的报导。本文综合报导了1980年美国能量转换工程会议上该种器件的电极材料、应用研究等论文,并介绍了论文的主要内容和实验结果,反映了国外在这方面工作的最新情况。
Thermionic energy converter is a kind of electric vacuum device that directly converts thermal energy into electric energy. It relies on the emitter’s thermionic emission and collector to emitter positive contact potential difference to output current. Such a device can turn the energy that heats the emitter into a low voltage high current DC output. This principle of work was proposed in the early 1950s and has now entered the experimental and applied research phase. There have been several international conferences on thermionic devices, and the devices have been reported at the annual Energy Conversion Engineering Conference since 1966. This paper comprehensively reports on the electrode material, applied research and other papers of the device at the 1980 US Energy Conversion Engineering Conference. It also introduces the main contents and experimental results of the paper, reflecting the latest developments in this field.