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美国自成立联邦矿山安全健康监察局以来,矿山职业安全健康工作状况好转。分析其监察执法特点,对我国的矿山安全健康监察工作有着重要的借鉴意义。美国于1978年成立联邦矿山安全健康监察局(Mine Safety and Health Administration,以下简称MSHA)。经过30多年的努力,矿山安全生产死亡人数由1978年的248人下降到2013年的41人,降幅为84%。其中,煤矿死亡人数由1978年的114人下降到2013年的20人,降幅为83%,2013年煤矿百万吨死亡率仅为0.0203。
Since the establishment of the federal mine safety and health supervision bureau in the United States, occupational safety and health conditions in the mine have been improving. Analysis of its monitoring law enforcement features, the mine safety and health monitoring in our country has an important reference. The United States in 1978 to establish the federal mine safety and health monitoring (Mine Safety and Health Administration, hereinafter referred to as MSHA). After more than 30 years of hard work, the number of miners killed in production safety dropped from 248 in 1978 to 41 in 2013, a drop of 84%. Among them, the death toll from coal mines dropped from 114 in 1978 to 20 in 2013, a decrease of 83%. The death rate per million tons of coal mines in 2013 was only 0.0203.