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目的分析福建省手足口病流行特征,探讨其流行规律,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法利用《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》监测信息,运用SAS 9.0软件分析。结果福建省2010 2012年共报告手足口病209 765例,其中重症1895例、死亡70例;年均发病率为190.59/10万,死亡率为0.06/10万。疫情在全省范围内广泛流行,具有高发病率、高重症病死率、变症快的特征,尤其对于≤3岁儿童;发病、重症、死亡均表现出一定程度的地域集中性和明显的季节性,均是男性多于女性;各年龄组均有发病,最小为出生1天新生儿、最大为80岁;发病年龄以≤4岁为主(占91.74%),重症以≤3岁为主(占92.25%),死亡以≤2岁为主(占94.28%),在≤5岁儿童中年龄越小重症率越高。毒株构成比以EV71型为主,但总体呈波动下降趋势,其他肠道病毒呈波动上升趋势,重症、死亡病例主要由EV71型病毒感染引起。结论福建省手足口病在全省范围内广泛流行,具有高发病率、高重症病死率特征,尤其对于≤3岁儿童。当前应着重进一步加强重点人群(包括幼儿和幼儿日常看护者)和重点机构(托幼机构)的防控工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Fujian Province, discuss its epidemic rules and provide the basis for making prevention and cure strategies. Methods The disease surveillance information reporting management system was used to monitor the information and analyzed with SAS 9.0 software. Results A total of 209 765 HFMD cases were reported in Fujian Province in 2012, of which 1895 were severe and 70 were fatal. The average annual incidence was 190.59 / 100,000 and the death rate was 0.06 / 100,000. The epidemic is prevalent throughout the province and has characteristics of high morbidity, severe and severe morbidity and mortality, especially for children ≤ 3 years old; morbidity, severity and death show some degree of regional concentration and clear season Sexual, are more than men, women; all age groups have morbidity, the smallest one-day-old newborn born, the maximum is 80 years; onset age ≤ 4 years old (91.74%), severe ≤ 3-year-old (92.25%). The death was less than or equal to 2 years old (94.28%). The younger the age of 5-year-old children, the heavier the severe disease was. The strain composition was mainly EV71, but the overall trend was fluctuant. The other enteroviruses fluctuated upward. Severe and fatal cases were mainly caused by EV71 virus infection. Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease in Fujian Province is prevalent throughout the province, with high morbidity and high rates of severe case fatality, especially for children ≤ 3 years of age. At present, emphasis should be placed on further strengthening the prevention and control of key populations (including day caregivers of children and young children) and key agencies (nurseries).