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目的研究恶性肿瘤患者医院感染现状及其特点,分析发生医院感染的相关因素。方法采取前瞻性和回顾性调查方法,对2010年度本医院肿瘤科住院的全部恶性肿瘤患者医院感染情况及其危险因素进行调查与分析。结果该医院肿瘤科全年共收治453例恶性肿瘤患者,发生44例医院感染、45例次,医院感染发生率为9.71%、例次感染发生率为9.93%。在45例次医院感染病例中,60%为呼吸道感染;感染部位构成比由高到低依次为下呼吸道感染、皮肤感染、胃肠道和泌尿道感染。住院时间长,实施放疗和化疗是诱发恶性肿瘤患者医院感染的主要危险因素。结论恶性肿瘤病人医院感染发生率较高,住院时间、放化疗措施是重要危险因素,应有针对性地采取防控措施。
Objective To study the status and characteristics of nosocomial infections in patients with malignant tumors and analyze the related factors of nosocomial infections. Methods A prospective and retrospective survey was conducted to investigate and analyze the prevalence of nosocomial infections and their risk factors in all cancer patients hospitalized in the Department of Oncology in 2010. Results A total of 453 patients with malignant tumors were admitted to the oncology department of the hospital. Forty-four nosocomial infections occurred in 45 patients. The incidence of nosocomial infections was 9.71%. The incidence of nosocomial infections was 9.93%. Among the 45 cases of hospital-acquired infections, 60% were respiratory infections; the order of infection was lower respiratory tract infections, skin infections, gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract infections. Long hospital stay, the implementation of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the main risk factor for nosocomial infections in patients with malignant tumors. Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infections in patients with malignant tumors is high, and the length of hospital stay and chemoradiation and chemotherapy are important risk factors. Therefore, prevention and control measures should be taken in a targeted manner.