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目的:了解泰安市托幼机构常见感染性疾病的发生状况,探讨感染性疾病的发生与儿童饮食行为之间的关系,为制定预防控制对策提供依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法,对泰安市辖区内9所托幼机构进行调查。结果:托幼机构儿童感染性疾病患病率为29.8%,其中男童患病率为28.8%,女童患病率为31.1%。统计学分析结果表明,托幼儿童感染性疾病患病率在各县、市、区、不同学校、不同年龄之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.293~31.821,P值均<0.05)。托幼儿童感染性疾病患病率在孩子是否饭前便后洗手、是否会暴饮暴食、是否在外就餐、是否吃剩饭剩菜以及午餐就餐地点、体育锻炼情况、游泳情况、换洗衣服频率之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.036~23.248,P值均<0.05)。结论:托幼机构儿童感染性疾病患病率较高,建议加强健康教育,重视对幼儿的护理及合理喂养,培养孩子良好的饮食行为卫生习惯,增强体育锻炼,不断增强机体的抵抗力与免疫力,预防感染性疾病发生。
Objective: To understand the common occurrence of infectious diseases in kindergartens and nurses in Tai’an City, to explore the relationship between the occurrence of infectious diseases and children’s dietary behaviors, and to provide basis for the prevention and control measures. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used to investigate 9 child care agencies in the district of Taian. Results: The prevalence of infectious diseases in children and nurseries was 29.8%. The prevalence rate was 28.8% in boys and 31.1% in girls. Statistical analysis showed that the prevalence of infectious diseases in children and toddlers was statistically significant among counties, cities, districts, schools and ages (χ2 = 14.293-31.821, P <0.05). The prevalence of infectious diseases in kindergartens and toddlers Whether to wash their hands after meals, whether overeating, whether to eat out, whether to eat leftovers and lunch places, physical activity, swimming conditions, frequency of changing clothes The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 6.036 ~ 23.248, P <0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of infectious diseases in children and nurseries is high. It is suggested to strengthen the health education, pay attention to the nursing and reasonable feeding to young children, train the children’s good habits of eating and drinking, enhance their physical activity and enhance the body’s immunity and immunity To prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases.