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中国古代美学思想就它的思想体系而言,大体上可以区分为理性主义和非理性主义两大流别。前者以儒家为代表;后者以道家为代表。儒家注重经世致用,讲“兴、观、群、怨”,通过诗和乐,观察政事的得失、兴废。它的美学思想多渗透到政治教化、伦理规范方面;重视审美所具有的社会价值。非常强调文艺与政治的关系,所谓“迩之事父,远之事君”,把文艺视为政治教化的工具。具体表现在绘画创作上,就是
As far as its ideological system is concerned, ancient Chinese aesthetics can be roughly divided into two major categories: rationalism and non-rationalism. The former is represented by Confucianism; the latter by Taoism. Confucianism pays attention to the practical use of the world and stresses “prospering, observing, criticizing and resentment”. Through poetry and music, we can observe the pros and cons of political affairs and rejuvenate them. Its aesthetic thoughts infiltrate more into the political enlightenment and ethical norms; attach importance to the social value of aesthetic. It places great emphasis on the relationship between literature and art and politics. The so-called “father of things near, far thing”, regards literature and art as a tool for political enlightenment. Specific performance in the painting, that is