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目的了解2013年-2014年宁夏甲型H1N1流行性感冒(流感)病毒的检测情况和血凝素(HA)基因变异情况。方法对全区流感监测哨点医院采集的流感样病例(ILI)标本,采用real-time RT-PCR方法进行核酸检测;对核酸检测阳性标本进行病毒分离。对甲型H1N1毒株提取病毒RNA,通过RT-PCR反应扩增HA1并测序,测定的序列利用生物信息软件进行分析。结果宁夏流感网络实验室共检测ILI标本6 122份,核酸检测阳性数917份,其中甲型H1N1498份,占54.31%,分离甲型H1N1毒株126株;变异氨基酸多数位于HA蛋白表面,其中部分位于抗原决定簇。关键位点第222位没有变化。结论 2013年-2014年宁夏地区流行的流感毒株主要为甲型H1N1,遗传进化分析表明甲型H1N1病毒发生了一定程度的变异,造成2013年-2014年在宁夏地区的再次流行。
Objective To investigate the detection of influenza A (H1N1) virus and the variation of hemagglutinin (HA) gene in Ningxia from 2013 to 2014. Methods Influenza-like cases (ILI) samples collected from the influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in the whole district were detected by real-time RT-PCR method and virus samples were detected by positive samples. The virus RNA was extracted from the type A H1N1 strain, HA1 was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. The sequence was analyzed by bioinformatics software. Results A total of 6 122 ILI samples were detected in the Ningxia Influenza Network Laboratory, 917 were positive for nucleic acid detection, of which 1498 were H1N1 strains, accounting for 54.31%, and 126 were isolates of H1N1 strain. Most of the variant amino acids were located on the HA protein surface, Located in the antigenic determinant. The 222th key site has not changed. CONCLUSION: Influenza A H1N1 is the predominant influenza strain in Ningxia in 2013-2014. The genetic evolution analysis indicated that the H1N1 virus has undergone a certain degree of variation, causing the epidemic in Ningxia in 2013-2014.