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目的探讨ｐ１６基因在胃癌发生发展及预后判断上的意义。方法应用原位杂交和免疫组化方法检测６１例胃癌组织和４９例癌旁正常胃粘膜的ｐ１６ｍＲＮＡ和ｐ１６蛋白的表达。结果（１）胃癌组织中ｐ１６ｍＲＮＡ和ｐ１６蛋白的阳性率分别为５０．８％（３１／６１），７０．５％（４３／６１），而癌旁正常胃粘膜的阳性率均为１００％（４９／４９），１０例早期胃癌均有ｐ１６ｍＲＮＡ和ｐ１６蛋白的表达，而且在同一切片中也可以观察到分化较好或浸润浅层的癌细胞表达ｐ１６ｍＲＮＡ和蛋白，而分化较差、浸润深层的癌细胞则没有表达。ｐ１６ｍＲＮＡ和蛋白的表达强度与胃癌的分化程度、浸润深度、有无淋巴结转移及病人的生存期密切相关。（２）ｐ１６ｍＲＮＡ与ｐ１６蛋白表达具有显著相关关系（Ｐ＜０．０５），绝大多数具有ｐ１６ｍＲＮＡ表达的病例，均有ｐ１６蛋白的表达。结论（１）确有部分胃癌组织存在ｐ１６基因的失表达，且失表达发生在胃癌发生发展的晚期阶段。（２）胃癌组织中ｐ１６基因的无义突变和移码突变可能较为少见。
Objective To investigate the significance of p16 gene in the development and prognosis of gastric cancer. Methods The expression of p16 mRNA and p16 protein in 61 cases of gastric cancer and 49 cases of normal gastric mucosa were detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Results (1) The positive rates of p16 mRNA and p16 protein in gastric cancer were 50.8% (31/61) and 70.5% (43/61), respectively, and the positive rate of para-tumor normal gastric mucosa was 100% ( 49/49), 10 cases of early gastric cancer have p16mRNA and p16 protein expression, and in the same slice can also be observed in well-differentiated or infiltrating shallow layer of cancer cells express p16mRNA and protein, and poor differentiation, infiltration deep layer Cancer cells are not expressed. The intensity of p16 mRNA and protein expression is closely related to the degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and survival of patients. (2) There was a significant correlation between p16 mRNA and p16 protein expression (P<0.05). The vast majority of cases with p16 mRNA expression had p16 protein expression. Conclusions (1) There is indeed partial loss of expression of p16 gene in gastric cancer tissues, and the loss of expression occurs in the late stages of the development of gastric cancer. (2) The nonsense mutation and frameshift mutation of p16 gene in gastric cancer may be rare.