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目的:对煤炭企业高管的知觉压力、应对方式与心理健康的关系进行研究。方法:对238名国有煤炭企业高管实施症状自评量表(SCL-90)和知觉压力量表、简易应对方式问卷测试,将测试结果进行统计分析。结果:(1)煤炭企业高管的SCL-90总分、人际关系障碍、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖和偏执因子得分低于全国常模,具有统计学意义(t=-3.074~-7.654,P<0.001);(2)高管知觉压力状况得分低于全国常模,具有统计学意义(t=-17.559,P<0.001)。高管积极应对维度得分高于常模,具有统计学意义(t=9.758,P<0.001);消极应对维度得分低于常模,具有统计学意义(t=-16.320,P<0.001);(3)高管知觉压力和SCL-90总分及其各因子呈显著正相关,具有统计学意义(r=0.304~0.502,P<0.01);积极应对方式与抑郁、焦虑和饮食睡眠障碍因子呈显著负相关,具有统计学意义(r=-0.059~-0.190,P<0.05);消极应对方式与SCL-90总分及其各因子呈显著正相关,具有统计学意义(r=0.151~0.255,P<0.05)。知觉压力与积极应对呈显著负相关,具有统计学意义(r=-0.267,P<0.01);(4)知觉压力与消极应对方式对煤炭企业高管的心理健康水平具有较显著的影响和较好的预测作用(F=28.224,P<0.001)。结论:煤炭企业高管的心理健康水平良好,与其知觉压力水平低及良好的应对方式密切相关。
Objective: To study the relationship between the perception pressure, coping style and mental health of coal enterprise executives. Methods: Two hundred and seventy-two senior managers of state-owned coal enterprises were assessed with SCL-90, Perceived Stress Scale and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire. The test results were statistically analyzed. Results: (1) The scores of SCL-90, interpersonal disorder, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror and paranoid factors in coal enterprises were lower than the national norm, with statistical significance (t = -3.074 ~ -7.654 , P <0.001). (2) There was a statistically significant difference in perceived stress status among senior management (t = -17.559, P <0.001). (T = 9.758, P <0.001); negative coping dimensions score was lower than the norm, with statistical significance (t = -16.320, P <0.001); ( 3) There was a significant positive correlation between executive pressure and SCL-90 total score and its various factors (r = 0.304-0.502, P <0.01). Positive coping style and depression, anxiety and dietary sleep disturbance factor were (R = -0.059 ~ -0.190, P <0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between negative coping style and SCL-90 total score and its various factors (r = 0.151 ~ 0.255 , P <0.05). (4) Perceived pressure and negative coping styles have a significant impact on the mental health level of executives in coal enterprises, and have a significant negative correlation with positive coping (r = -0.267, P <0.01) Good predictive effect (F = 28.224, P <0.001). Conclusion: The mental health level of coal enterprise executives is good, which is closely related to their low perceived stress level and good coping style.