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汉武帝(公元前140年—公元前87年在位)时,汉与匈奴连年作战。为了摸清敌情,双方经常互派使臣窥探,匈奴先后拘留了十多批汉使,汉朝也拘留匈奴使臣做抵偿,双方关系颇为紧张。公元前100年,匈奴的且鞮侯单于即王位,因恐怕汉朝趁机袭击他,就一面大造舆论,说:“汉天子是我的长辈啊!”一面主动把被匈奴拘留的汉使送回汉朝。汉武帝对这位新单于的行为非常赞赏,决定予以嘉奖。他派苏武以中郎将的职衔,拿着使者的信物旄节出使匈奴,此行不但送回了被扣的匈奴使者,还给匈奴带去了一份厚礼。苏武字子卿,是汉朝的官宦子弟,由于父亲职位的关系,兄弟三人都做了皇帝的侍从官,苏武在出使前任栘中厩监,是皇室马房的管理官员。苏武和副中郎将张胜、属员常惠以及卫士、侦察兵等一百多人来到匈奴,把礼物交给匈奴单于。不料单于非但不象想象的那样友好,而且傲慢无礼。正当
Han Emperor Wu (140 BC - 87 BC reign), Han and Huns year after year combat. In order to find out the enemy’s situation, the two sides often exchanged envoys and snoops, the Huns detained more than a dozen Han Chinese, and the Han Dynasty also detained the Huns and envoys as compensation. The relations between the two sides are quite tense. 100 years ago, the Huns and the widowed Hou single on the throne, because I am afraid the Han took the opportunity to attack him, one side made a large public opinion, saying: “Han emperor is my elders ah!” Back to the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wudi greatly appreciated the new single act and decided to award it. He sent Su Wu to the Huns with the title of Zhong Lang and took the messenger of the messenger to the Huns. This trip not only returned the detained Huns, but also brought a thick gift to the Huns. Su Wu Zi Qing, the Han dynasty official children, because of his father’s position, the brothers and the three have done the emperor’s attendants, Su Wu in the former ambassador to the prison, is the official manager of the royal stables. Lieutenant-general Sun Wu and Lieutenant-Central Langzhong will come to the Huns and send gifts to the Huns. Unexpectedly not only is not as friendly as imagined, but also arrogant and rude. Just right