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平面几何的逻辑系统比较明显、逻辑结果比较直观,所以对培养学生的逻辑思维能力具有独特的优点。正确的逻辑思维的要求是:①概念明确,②判断恰当,③推理有据。现就平面几何入门时的概念教学谈谈个人的作法和体会。一、讲述概念,要直观形象,从具体到抽象。概念一般是以下定义的形式表达的,但一些原始概念如直线、射线、线段等,只能用描绘的方法突出其本质特征。例如讲“射线”时,教师先描绘手电筒、探照灯射出的光线,第一是很直很直,第二是射得很远很远,可以看成是“射线”的实际例子。然后再在黑板上画一条射线,指出光线发出的
The logical system of plane geometry is more obvious, and the logical result is more intuitive, so it has unique advantages to cultivate students' logical thinking ability. The correct logical thinking requirements are: ① clear concept, ② determine the appropriate, ③ reasoning is valid. Now on the concept of plane geometry when teaching personal talk about the practice and experience. First, tell the concept, to an intuitive image, from concrete to abstract. Concepts are generally expressed in the following definitions, but some of the original concepts such as lines, rays, line segments, etc., can only be characterized by their delineation. For example, in the case of “rays,” teachers first characterize flashlights and search for the light they emit. The first one is very straight and straight, and the second one is far and far. It can be regarded as a real example of a “ray.” Then draw a ray on the blackboard, pointing out the light emitted