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细胞增殖、分化和死亡是多细胞个体发育过程中三项最基本的生命活动,三者都以保证个体的整体生存和生命活动的正常进行为目标,其中任一过程发生异常都会引起机体病变.近年来,细胞死亡与疾病的关系逐渐得到人们的关注和重视.业已发现,恶性肿瘤的发生、发展不仅是细胞增殖失控、分化失调的结果,细胞死亡的异常在其中也起着重要作用.细胞死亡有坏死(necrosis)与凋亡(apoptosis)二种不同的基本形式.目前对细胞凋亡的研究已有较大进展,为探索恶性肿瘤的防治方法提供了一个崭新的思路.1 细胞凋亡的概念细胞凋亡于1972年由Kerr等首次提出.机体正常生长发育过程中的细胞死亡称为程序性细胞死亡(programmedcell death,PCD),指细胞在一定条件下,受自身基因调控,自行结束生命活动的过程.术语PCD强调的是这一过程机制
Cell proliferation, differentiation and death are the three most basic life activities in the development of multicellular individuals. The three are all aimed at ensuring the individual’s overall survival and normal life activities. Any abnormality in any of these processes will cause the body’s disease. In recent years, the relationship between cell death and disease has gradually attracted people’s attention and attention. It has been found that the occurrence and development of malignant tumors are not only the result of out-of-control cell proliferation and dysregulation, but also abnormal cell death plays an important role. There are two different basic forms of necrosis and apoptosis in death. At present, the research on apoptosis has made great progress. It provides a new way to explore the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors.1. The concept of apoptosis was first proposed by Kerr et al. in 1972. The cell death during the normal growth and development of the body is called programmed cell death (PCD). It means that under certain conditions, the cells are regulated by their own genes, and they end themselves. The process of life activities. The term PCD emphasizes this process mechanism