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一、缘起晋中地区是指汾河中游河谷地区,其东北端为系舟山,西北端为云中山,东南侧为太岳山,西侧为吕梁山,北部为太原盆地。这一地区主要河流为汾河及其支流岚河、文峪河、潇河、昌源河等。依行政区划包括今山西省介休、平遥、祁县、太谷、孝义、汾阳、文水、交城以及太原市全境。长期以来,研究者对于晋中地区夏至早商时期~([1])的具体遗址年代、考古学文化性质、文化命名三个方面皆未能达成共识。晋中地区考古学文化的性质认识分歧差异之大,文化命名之多,在中国三代考古研究史中,是极为罕见的。因此,这里需要费些笔墨对晋中夏商时期考古学文化的认识进行综述。
First, the origin of Jinzhong area refers to the middle reaches of the Fenhe River Valley, the northeast end of the Department of Zhoushan, northwest end of the Zhongshan Mountain, southeast of Taiyue Shan, west of Lvliangshan, north of the Taiyuan Basin. The main rivers in this area are Fen River and its tributaries Lan River, Wenyu River, Xiahe River and Changyuan River. According to the administrative divisions, including today’s Jiexiu in Shanxi Province, Pingyao, Qixian, Taigu, Xiaoyi, Fenyang, Wenshui, Jiaocheng and throughout the city of Taiyuan. For a long time, researchers failed to reach a consensus on the specific sites of the Xia and Shang Dynasties ~ ([1]), the nature of archeology and the naming of culture in the Jinzhong region. The differences in the nature of archeology and culture in Jinzhong area are quite different. Numerous cultural nomenclatures are extremely rare in the history of the three generations of archeology in China. Therefore, we need to sum up the knowledge of archeology and culture during Xia and Xia periods in Jinzhong.