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本文从调整投资政策和结构政策,建立科研生产一体化的组织形式,建立与完善科技成果向生产转移的机制等三方面对苏联的科技—产业政策进行了阐述,其中着重归纳、分析了苏联近年来在经济、科技改革中为加强科技成果转化机制而采取的各种措施,如制定科研—生产—揽子计划;完善产品的设计和鉴定制度,加强价格杠杄作用;鼓励科研人员到企业推广成果;扩大企业自主权;增加企业依靠科技进步的动力;实行科研机构管理企业化,科技成果商品化;提高科技人员的劳动报酬,建立多层次的科技成果应用推广系统;开辟技术市场;扩大国际科技合作,引进先进技术等。
This article elaborates the science and technology-industry policies of the Soviet Union from three aspects: adjusting investment policies and structural policies, establishing the organizational form of integration of scientific research and production, establishing and perfecting the mechanism of scientific and technological achievements transferring to production. In this article, the Soviet Union's science and technology- In the economic and technological reforms in order to strengthen the mechanism for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and take various measures, such as the development of scientific research - production - package plan; improve the product design and accreditation system, to strengthen the role of price hikes; to encourage scientific research personnel to business promotion Achievements; Expanding enterprise autonomy; Increasing the motivation for enterprises to rely on scientific and technological progress; Implementing scientific research institutes to manage enterpriseization and the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements; Raising labor remuneration for scientific and technical personnel; Establishing a multi-level application system for the promotion of scientific and technological achievements; Opening up technological markets; Scientific and technological cooperation, the introduction of advanced technology.