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油茶无性系的丰产性状和稳定性是油茶育种的核心要素。笔者采用浙江金华、江西贵溪和樟树、贵州黎平等4个试验点的12个油茶无性系单株产量数据,应用联合方差分析,G×E互作分析和AMMI模型分析等方法分析基因型与环境互作效应及鉴别力,并用双标图方法分析其无性系稳定性差异。结果表明,油茶单株产量在无性系间和不同试验点间都呈现极显著差异,无性系×环境互作呈现显著差异。林分中单株产量在8 kg以上的高产植株只占林分总株数的27.86%,而贡献的产量占58.4%,即林分中不到1/3的高产树贡献了林分近2/3的产量,这个比例和实生林分接近。参试的40、4、53号无性系稳定性强,产量高;166、20、21号产量中等,稳定性也中等;而180号产量最低,但稳定性高;3号产量较高,而稳定性最低。
High yield traits and stability of Camellia oleifera clones are the core elements of Camellia breeding. The author used the data of 12 Camellia oleifera clones per plant from 4 sites including Jinhua in Zhejiang, Guixi and Cinnamomum camphora and Liping in Guizhou, and analyzed the relationship between genotypes and genotypes by means of joint analysis of variance, G × E interaction analysis and AMMI model analysis Environment interaction effect and discrimination ability, and analyzed the difference of clonal stability by double-plot method. The results showed that the yield per plant of Camellia oleifera showed significant difference between clones and different test sites, and the clonal × environmental interactions showed significant differences. The high-yielding plants with single plant yield above 8 kg accounted for only 27.86% of the total number of stands in the stand, while the contribution of the yield accounted for 58.4%, that is, less than 1/3 of the high-yielding trees in the stand contributed nearly 2 / 3 production, this ratio is close to the actual stand. The tested 40,4,53 clones had strong stability and high yield. The yields of No.166, 20 and 21 were medium and the stability was moderate. However, the yield of No.180 was the lowest, but the stability was high. The yield of No.3 was higher, The lowest stability.