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欧洲绘画的历史大约可以追溯到公元前四万年,如据考证大约产生在公元前两万年的西班牙阿尔塔米拉洞窟的岩石壁画《受伤的野牛》。在经过了漫长的石器时代之后,爱琴海地域逐渐出现了一些宫殿壁画及镶嵌装饰画,比较著名的有产生在公元前两千年的《杂技》。到了古希腊及古罗马时期,绘画艺术可以说达到了第一个高峰期,此间出现了许多陶器彩画,例如产生于公元前六世纪的瓶罐画《角力的安泰》。随着从奴隶制过渡到封建社会,欧洲经历了一千多年的、包括了拜占庭宗教绘画的所谓中世纪。
The history of European paintings dates back to about 40,000 BC, as evidenced by the rock-mural “Wounded Bison”, which produced approximately 20,000 years in the caves of Altamira, Spain. After a long period of the Stone Age, some palace frescoes and decorative inlaid paintings gradually emerged in the Aegean Sea. The more famous are the “acrobatics” that originated in 2000 BC. By the time of ancient Greece and ancient Rome, the art of painting was at its first peak. There were many pottery paintings, such as the antithetical antitheses of pots and canons produced in the 6th century BC. With the transition from slavery to feudal society, Europe has undergone more than a thousand years, including the so-called Middle Ages of Byzantine religious painting.