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目的了解2010—2012年杭州市12岁年龄组儿童牙周健康状况,为杭州市口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,抽取杭州市上城区共9所小学,于2010—2012年连续3 a对12岁年龄组儿童进行牙周健康检查。选用牙龈出血指数和牙石指数记录牙龈出血和牙石的程度。结果 2010—2012年杭州市12岁年龄组儿童牙石及牙龈出血的检出率和检出牙数均呈逐年下降趋势,3 a间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。牙石和牙龈出血记分为0的构成比均逐年上升,记分为1,2,3的构成比呈逐年下降趋势。男、女生牙石和牙龈出血检出率及检出牙数均呈逐年下降趋势。同一年度女生牙石及牙龈出血的检出率比男生略低,但差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论杭州市12岁年龄组人群牙周健康状况较好,牙龈出血检出率和牙石检出率呈逐年下降趋势。
Objective To understand the periodontal health of children aged 12 years in Hangzhou from 2010 to 2012 and provide information support for the oral health care in Hangzhou. Methods A total of 9 primary schools in Shangcheng District of Hangzhou City were sampled by multi-stage stratified random sampling method. The periodontal health examination of 12-year-old children was conducted for 3 consecutive years from 2010 to 2012. Gingival bleeding index and calculus index were used to record the extent of gum bleeding and calculus. Results The detection rate of dental calculus and gums detected in children aged 12 years in Hangzhou from 2010 to 2012 showed a decreasing trend year by year. There was significant difference between the three years (P all <0.05). The composition ratio of calculus of tartar and gingival bleeding was increased from year to year, and the composition ratio of scores of 1, 2 and 3 showed a declining trend year by year. Male and female dental calculus and gum bleeding were detected and the number of teeth showed a downward trend year by year. The same year, the prevalence of dental calculus and gum bleeding was lower in girls than in boys, but the differences were not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion The periodontal health status of 12-year-olds in Hangzhou is good, the detection rate of gum bleeding and the detection rate of dental calculus are declining year by year.