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UO_2陶瓷微球是制造高温气冷核反应堆(HTGR)球状燃料元件的最重要的部件。为此,清华大学核能技术设计研究院开发了一种全胶凝工艺(TGU)。它是在传统的溶胶-凝胶工艺,即外胶凝(EGU)和内胶凝(IGU)工艺的基础上发展起来的,现已被选用为10MW高温气冷试验堆燃料芯核的生产工艺。该项研究的目的是从芯核的质量控制(QC)和质量保证(QA)的要求出发,采用批量试验方式,检验工艺参数和产品质量的稳定性。试验结果证明:当工艺参数被控制并固定时,芯核的质量能够满足质量规范的要求,即当胶体流量和喷嘴的振动频率被固定时,芯核的几何尺寸便随之固定;烧结温度和时间固定时,芯核密度亦随之固定;采用纯氢烧结时,O/U比便接近化学计量。对UO_2陶瓷微球的性能和结构也进行了研究。
UO_2 ceramic microspheres are the most important components in the manufacture of spherical fuel elements for high temperature gas cooled nuclear reactors (HTGRs). To this end, Tsinghua University Nuclear Energy Technology Design and Development Institute developed a fully gelling process (TGU). Developed on the basis of the traditional sol-gel process, ie, the external gelling (EGU) and internal gelling (IGU) processes, it has been selected as the manufacturing process for the fuel core of a 10MW HTGR . The purpose of this study is to examine the stability of the process parameters and product quality using a batch test, starting from the QC and QA requirements of the core. The experimental results show that when the process parameters are controlled and fixed, the mass of the core can meet the requirements of the quality standard. That is, when the colloid flow rate and the vibration frequency of the nozzle are fixed, the core size will be fixed. The sintering temperature and When the time is fixed, the core density is also fixed; using pure hydrogen sintering, O / U ratio is close to stoichiometry. The properties and structure of UO_2 ceramic microspheres were also studied.