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对运用中的客车状态经过多年的观察和全苏铁路运输科学研究院所进行的研究结果表明,客车使用16～20年之后,车体的金属薄板部分有相当大的锈蚀损坏。损坏的主要原因之一是车体的金属结构内部没有足够的防锈保护。在制造车辆的初期,采用油性基底加防锈颜料作防锈涂层(底漆138,沥青清漆(?)177,铁丹)。这些涂层的使用期限是2～3年;而随着铅丹自干漆的采用,耐用期限延长到6～8年。向铅丹过渡可稍微改善车体的防锈性能,但是车辆由于金属锈蚀而损坏的百分比仍然很高。在车体受潮严重的地方(厕所、走廊和乘务间的地板),在运用
After many years of observation on the status of buses in use and the research conducted by the All-Su-Rail Transportation Research Institute, the metal sheets of the car body have considerable rust damage after 16 to 20 years of service. One of the major causes of damage is that there is not enough rust protection inside the metal structure of the car body. In the early stages of vehicle manufacture, rust-proof pigments were used as antirust coatings (Primer 138, Asphalt Varnish (R) 177, Iron Dan). The life of these coatings is 2 to 3 years; and with the use of lead-Dan since the dry paint, durable extended to 6 to 8 years. The transition to lead can slightly improve the body’s rust protection, but the percentage of damaged vehicles due to metal corrosion is still high. In the body of damp places (toilets, corridors and crew room floor), in use