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目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）的聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）常规检测中血清样本的最佳处理方法。方法分别用不同缓冲液（ＰＢＳ与ＴＥ）对血清进行１：１或１：１０稀释，不同浓度去污剂（ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００与ＮＰ４０）及巯基乙醇处理血清样本，以及用硫氰酸胍－酚－氯仿抽提、蛋白酶Ｋ消化、碱裂解、辛酸钠裂解等方法处理血清样本，比较这些方法对ＰＣＲ法检测血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ敏感度的影响，并进行了辛酸钠最适浓度实验。结果在所比较的１８种方法中发现硫氰酸胍－酚－氯抽提法、碱裂解法及辛酸钠法有较高的检测敏感度，而辛酸钠法有更好的重复性，方法最为简便。结论终浓度３０～５０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ辛酸钠最适用于ＰＣＲ法常规检测ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的血清处理
Objective To investigate the optimal method of serum sample for routine detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods Serum samples were diluted 1: 1 or 1: 10 with different buffers (PBS and TE), treated with different concentrations of detergent (TritonX-100 and NP40) and mercaptoethanol, and treated with guanidium thiocyanate - chloroform extraction, digestion with proteinase K, alkaline lysis and sodium caprylate cleavage. The effects of these methods on the detection of serum HBVDNA by PCR were compared. The optimal sodium octanoate concentration was also tested. Results Among the 18 comparative methods, guanidine thiocyanate-phenol-chlorine extraction method, alkali lysis method and sodium octanoate method were found to have higher detection sensitivity, whereas sodium octanoate method had better repeatability, and the method was the most Easy. Conclusion The final concentration of 30 ~ 50mmol / L sodium octanoate is most suitable for the routine detection of serum HBVDNA by PCR