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通过研究不同基施比例的缓释尿素与滴灌玉米土壤氮素供应、氮素吸收利用以及农田氮素平衡的相互关系,明确缓释尿素在滴灌玉米上作基肥施用并探讨其施用的适宜基施比例。结果表明,基施缓释尿素对比普通尿素增加了土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量,缓释尿素处理土壤无机氮积累量表现为富集现象,不施氮处理则表现为负积累效应;土壤氮素含量随基施比例的增加而降低。玉米产量、氮肥利用率和农学效率随缓释尿素基施比例的增大表现为先增加后降低的趋势,土壤氮素表观损失量和氮素盈余量随基施比例的增大均先降后增。以缓释尿素50%作基肥的玉米产量及氮肥利用率较高,土壤氮素表观损失量较低。
Through studying the relationship between nitrogen supply and nitrogen uptake and utilization of drip irrigation and maize soil nitrogen balance under different basal proportions, it was clarified that urea was applied as basal fertilizer on drip irrigation corn and the appropriate basal application proportion. The results showed that basal SLOVEN urea increased soil NO3 - N and NH4 + -N contents compared with common urea, accumulation of inorganic nitrogen in slow - release urea was enriched, while non - nitrogen decreased negatively. Soil Nitrogen content decreased with the increase of substrate application rate. The yield of maize, nitrogen use efficiency and agronomic efficiency showed the trend of increasing at first and then decreasing with the increase of the proportion of slow release urea. Both the apparent loss of nitrogen and the surplus of nitrogen decreased first After the increase. The corn yield and nitrogen use efficiency with 50% urea as basal fertilizer was higher, and the apparent nitrogen loss was lower.