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目的:了解海口市小学生视力的整体分布状况,分析学生近视发生和发展趋势及影响因素,为进一步做好小学生视力保护工作提出对策和建议。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样的方法确定监测学校和监测班级,对海口市三所学校2975名在校小学生的视力状况进行了检查。结果:被调查的2975名小学生中,视力低下率为51.97%,其中男生视力低下率为45.21%,女生视力低下为61.12%,女生高于男生(p<0.01)。学生的视力低下率及视力低下严重程度随年龄呈现上升趋势。结论:海口市小学生视力状况不容乐观,保护视力和预防视力低下要采取综合措施。社会、学校、家庭和个人应引起足够的重视并共同努力保护视力。
Objective: To understand the overall distribution of visual acuity in primary school students in Haikou, to analyze the occurrence and development trend of myopia and its influencing factors, and to put forward countermeasures and suggestions for further primary school students’ eyesight protection. Methods: Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to determine the monitoring schools and monitoring classes. The visual acuity of 2,975 schoolchildren in three schools in Haikou City was examined. Results: Among 2975 primary school students surveyed, the rate of vision loss was 51.97%. The prevalence of vision loss was 45.21% in boys, 61.12% in girls and girls were higher than boys (p <0.01). The prevalence of sight loss and visual acuity in students showed an upward trend with age. Conclusion: The primary school students in Haikou are not optimistic about their vision, and they should take comprehensive measures to protect their eyesight and prevent their vision loss. Society, schools, families and individuals should receive enough attention and work together to protect their eyesight.