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目的了解广州市中小学生贫血患病现状,为制定学生贫血防控措施提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取广州市7,9,12和14岁学生共2 912名,采用改良叠氮化高铁血红蛋白法测定血红蛋白含量,通过学生体检获得身高、体重并计算体质量指数(BMI)值等数据。结果广州市义务教育阶段学生血红蛋白质量浓度中位数为133g/L,贫血患病率为7.0%(95%CI=6.1%~7.9%),男生为6.4%(95%CI=5.5%~7.3%),女生为7.7%(95%CI=6.7%~8.7%)。在总人群、男生和女生中,年龄和BMI均对血红蛋白浓度起正向作用(P值均<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,7和12岁组患贫血的风险是14岁组的1.761(95%CI=1.114~2.782)和1.857倍(95%CI=1.218~2.831)。结论广州市中小学生贫血仍处于“轻度”流行水平,应加强低年龄和青春期学生贫血防控。
Objective To understand the prevalence of anemia in primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou and provide evidence for the prevention and control measures of anemia in students. Methods A total of 2 912 students aged 7, 9, 12 and 14 years old from Guangzhou were enrolled in this study. The hemoglobin content was measured by modified azide methemoglobin method. The height and body weight Index (BMI) value and other data. Results The median concentration of hemoglobin in compulsory education was 133 g / L in Guangzhou. The prevalence of anemia was 7.0% (95% CI = 6.1% -7.9%) and 6.4% for boys (95% CI 5.5% -7.3% %), Girls 7.7% (95% CI = 6.7% ~ 8.7%). Among the general population, boys and girls, both age and BMI had a positive effect on hemoglobin concentration (P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of anemia in the 7 and 12-year-old group was 1.761 (95% CI = 1.114-2.782) and 1.857-fold (95% CI = 1.218-2.831) in the 14-year-old group. Conclusions Anemia in primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou is still at a “mild” epidemic level, and prevention and control of anemia in low and adolescent students should be strengthened.