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美国海军研究司(ONR)和海军研究实验室(NRL)目前已进入一个名为“超光谱遥感技术”(HRST)计划的设计阶段。“超光谱遥感技术”将演示一种超光谱地球成像系统的效用以满足海军研究世界海岸地区特性的需求。“超光谱遥感技术”计划的一个关键部分是研制“海军地图观测”(NEMO)卫星系统以提供一个大型超光谱数据库。NEMO卫星将装载一台近海成像光谱仪(COIS),后者将在0.4 μm至 2.5 μm的带通中以 210个光谱通道提供海岸地区的图像。由于海洋环境的反射率一般低于 5％,因此要求近海成像光谱仪具有很高的信噪比(SNR)。近海成像光谱仪将在 30 km的刈幅宽度内以 60m的地面采样距离(GSD)进行采样,利用仪器的姿态控制系统进行“摆动”(即利用地面移动补偿来放慢视场的地面轨迹),它还能把地面采样距离缩短到 30 m。卫星的有效载荷中还包括一台相互配准的 5m全色成像器(PIC)以便同时进行高空间分辨率成像。605 km高的太阳同步轨道使得仪器能够连续地重复覆盖整个地球。海军地图观测系统的独特之处在于有一个星载处理系统,这是由海军研究实验室研制的一个特征提取和数据压缩软件包,名为光学实时自适应光谱辨别系统(ORASIS)。光学实时自适应光谱辨别系统采用一种平行的自适应超光谱方法来进行实时景象表征、数据缩减?
The United States Naval Research Division (ONR) and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) have now entered the design phase of a project called “Hyper-spectral Remote Sensing” (HRST). “Hyperspectral Remote Sensing” will demonstrate the utility of a hyperspectral earth imaging system to meet the needs of the Navy in studying the characteristics of the coastal regions of the world. A key part of the “hyperspectral remote sensing” program is the development of a NEMO satellite system to provide a large-scale hyperspectral database. The NEMO satellite will be loaded with an offshore imaging spectrometer (COIS) that will provide coastal imagery with 210 spectral channels in a 0.4 μm to 2.5 μm bandpass. As the reflectance of the marine environment is generally less than 5%, offshore imaging spectrometers are required to have a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Offshore imaging spectrometers will sample at a ground sampling distance of 60 m (GSD) within a swath width of 30 km and “swing” with the instrument’s attitude control system (ie, use ground motion compensation to slow down the ground path of the field of view) It also shortens the ground sampling distance to 30 m. The payload of the satellite also includes a co-registered 5m full-color imager (PIC) for simultaneous high spatial resolution imaging. The 605-km-high sun-synchronous orbit allows the instrument to continuously and repeatedly cover the entire planet. Unique to the Naval Map Observing System is an onboard processing system, a feature extraction and data compression software package developed by the Naval Research Laboratory called Optical Real-Time Adaptive Spectral Discrimination System (ORASIS). Optical real-time adaptive spectral discrimination system uses a parallel adaptive hyperspectral method for real-time scene characterization, data reduction?