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目的探讨早产儿发生宫外发育迟缓(EUGR)与胎龄、出生体重的关系及危险因素分析,为制定预防早产儿发生EUGR的策略提供临床依据。方法对2009年1月至12月本院NICU收治的77例胎龄<37周早产儿,根据不同胎龄、不同体重的早产儿进行体重监测,比较他们住院期间EUGR的发生率并对相关危险因素进行分析。结果体重≤1500 g的早产儿组EUGR发生率为71.4%,体重>1500 g的早产儿组EUGR发生率44.9%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);胎龄<34周的早产儿组EUGR发生率为66.3%,胎龄≥34周的早产儿组EUGR发生率为37.5%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)、感染是发生EUGR的危险因素(P均<0.05)。结论胎龄及出生体重越小,发生EUGR的可能性越大。导致EUGR的因素是多重的,其中IUGR及感染对EUGR影响最大,应积极预防及治疗并发症,重视早产儿早期营养是避免EUGR的关键。
Objective To investigate the relationship between ectopic development retardation (EUGR) and gestational age and birth weight in preterm infants and to analyze the risk factors, so as to provide a clinical basis for the strategy of preventing EUGR in premature infants. Methods From January 2009 to December 2009, 77 preterm infants with gestational age <37 weeks were enrolled in NICU of our hospital. The body weight of preterm infants of different gestational ages and different weights were monitored. The incidence of EUGR during hospitalization was compared and the relative risk Factors for analysis. Results The incidence of EUGR was 71.4% in preterm infants with body weight ≤ 1500 g, 44.9% in preterm infants with body weight> 1500 g, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) The incidence of EUGR was 66.3% in preterm infants and 37.5% in preterm infants with gestational age ≥34 weeks. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), infection is a risk factor for EUGR (all P <0.05). Conclusion The smaller the gestational age and birth weight, the greater the possibility of EUGR. The factors that lead to EUGR are multiple. Among them, IUGR and infection have the greatest impact on EUGR. Therefore, prevention and treatment of complications should be actively taken. Paying attention to the early nutrition of premature infants is the key to avoid EUGR.