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目的探讨长期香烟烟雾吸入对大鼠的慢性毒性作用。方法健康雄性Wistar大鼠18只,随机分为正常对照组、低浓度(20%)染毒组和高浓度(60%)染毒组。染毒组大鼠整体暴露于动式气体染毒装置,烟雾吸入。染毒期间对大鼠定期进行体质量测量,在第5周、13周、21周、45周末染毒后分别收集各组大鼠24 h尿液进行8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)测定,第45周末处死大鼠,观察肺脏病理改变与骨髓细胞微核率。结果肺脏病理切片显示染毒组大鼠肺气肿改变明显,支气管炎症反应逐渐加重。染毒组大鼠体质量增长均显著低于对照组;同时在各个时间点8-O-HdG水平明显升高,高浓度组升高更为显著;各染毒组微核率明显升高。上述变化均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论长期香烟烟雾吸入对大鼠有慢性毒性作用。
Objective To investigate the long-term toxic effects of cigarette smoke inhalation on rats. Methods Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, low concentration (20%) and high concentration (60%) groups. Rats in the exposure group were exposed to a moving gas exposure device and were inhaled by smoke. During the exposure period, the body weight of rats was measured regularly. Urine was collected for 24 hours in rats at the 5th, 13th, 21st, and 45th week for 8-OHDG (8-OHdG) The rats were killed at the end of the 45th week to observe the pathological changes of the lungs and the micronuclei of the bone marrow cells. Results The pathological sections of lung showed that the emphysema changed obviously in the exposed group and the bronchial inflammation gradually increased. The body weight of rats in the exposure group was significantly lower than that in the control group. At the same time, the level of 8-O-HdG increased significantly at each time point, and the increase was more significant in the high concentration group. The micronucleus rate of each exposure group was significantly higher. The above changes were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Long-term cigarette smoke inhalation has chronic toxicity to rats.