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在汉语作为第二语言的领域,关于汉语关系从句习得的研究至今很少,而且尚无定论。本项研究通过三种不同方式的数据采集,为该领域内正在进行的辩论提供了新的证据。数据分析结果表明,对于操英文的汉语习得者而言,汉语的直接宾语关系从句比主语关系从句更容易,这一点与英文正好相反。此外,虽然主语关系从句和直接宾语关系从句对学生而言相对容易,但是其他的涉及在间接宾语、介词宾语、兼语名词等位置添加复指代词的关系从句则对习得者构成很大的挑战。正误分析揭示了影响汉语关系从句加工与习得的因素,包括来自英语的主要干扰以及句法结构、记忆资源等普遍因素,从而为这一领域的教学提供了可贵的启示。
In the field of Chinese as a second language, the study on the acquisition of Chinese relation clauses has so far been scarce and inconclusive. This study, through three different types of data collection, provides new evidence of the ongoing debate in this area. The results of data analysis show that for Chinese learners who learn English, the direct object-based clause of Chinese is easier than that of subject-related clause, which is exactly the opposite of that of English. In addition, while subject-dependent clauses and direct object-based clauses are relatively easy for students, other relational clauses that involve the use of complex pronoun in places such as indirect objects, prepositional objects, and nouns tend to be quite large for learners challenge. Positive and false analysis reveals the factors that affect the processing and acquisition of Chinese relational clauses, including the main interference from English and the general factors such as syntactic structure and memory resources, which provide valuable enlightenment for the teaching in this field.