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目的分析急性髓系白血病(AML)患者化疗后住院期间引起感染的相关因素,并探讨其预防措施。方法 166例AML患者接受化疗554例次,回顾性分析所有患者的病历资料,对其年龄、中性粒细胞绝对值、粒细胞缺乏持续时间与医院感染发生率的关系进行分析。结果年龄>60岁者医院感染发生率明显高于年龄<60岁者(75.6%vs.32.9%,P<0.05)。ANC最低值<0.5×109/L者医院感染发生率明显高于ANC最低值>0.5×109/L者(89.0%vs.53.0%,P<0.05)。粒细胞缺乏持续时间>7d者医院感染发生率明显高于粒细胞缺乏持续时间≤7d者(95.7%vs.79.2%,P<0.05)。结论年龄、中性粒细胞缺乏及持续时间是导致AML患者化疗后医院感染的危险因素,针对这些危险因素采取有效预防措施对降低AML患者化疗后医院感染率十分必要。
Objective To analyze the related factors of inpatients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) infection and their preventive measures after chemotherapy. Methods A total of 166 patients with AML received chemotherapy 554 times. The clinical data of all patients were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between age, neutrophil absolute value, the duration of agranulocytosis and the incidence of nosocomial infection were analyzed. Results The incidence of nosocomial infections was significantly higher in patients aged> 60 years than in those <60 years (75.6% vs.32.9%, P <0.05). The incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with ANC <0.5 × 109 / L was significantly higher than that in patients with ANC> 0.5 × 109 / L (89.0% vs.53.0%, P <0.05). The incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with agranulocytosis> 7 days was significantly higher than those with agranulocytosis ≤7 days (95.7% vs79.2%, P <0.05). Conclusion Age, neutropenia and duration are the risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients with AML after chemotherapy. It is necessary to take effective preventive measures against these risk factors to reduce the nosocomial infection rate after chemotherapy in AML patients.