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设计了过断层工作面回采的相似模型,获得了采动影响下断层应力的演化特征和断层滑移瞬态过程中煤体应力的动态响应规律.结果表明:断层面上方部分最先受到采动影响而使得其正应力降低,剪应力升高;断层滑移初期正应力剧烈波动使滑动过程呈非稳态,滑移后期正应力稳定,滑移过程由剪应力主导;断层滑移对工作面煤体产生非稳态的冲击和加卸载作用,使其应力在断层滑移时先降后升,失稳由内向外发展;采动效应增加了断层活化的可能性,煤体承栽力的局部失效会引起断层的滑移,而断层滑移时的冲击效应会引发煤体大范围失稳破坏.
The similar model of mining over the fault face was designed and the evolution characteristics of the fault stress under the influence of mining and the dynamic response of the coal body stress during the transient fault slip were obtained.The results show that the upper part of the fault plane is the first to be subjected to mining The positive stress decreases and the shearing stress increases. In the initial stage of fault slip, the normal fluctuation of normal stress causes the sliding process to be unsteady. The normal stress during the slip phase is stable and the slip process is dominated by shear stress. The unsteady impact and loading-unloading effect of the coal body cause the stress to drop first and then rise when the fault slips, and the instability develops from the inside to the outside. The mining effect increases the possibility of fault activation and the bearing capacity of the coal Local failure causes the slip of the fault, and the impact effect of fault slip will cause large-scale instability of the coal.