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目的了解安徽省铜陵市自然人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒感染状况及流行规律。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法对铜陵地区自然人群进行问卷调查并采集血液标本,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测乙肝病毒(HBV)感染标志。结果在调查的2455人中,乙肝HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb及HBcAb阳性率分别为8.6%,32.3%,0.7%,6.0%及7.4%;HBV流行率(乙肝5项,除去乙肝表面抗体,其余项阳性之和)为44.1%(1082/2455)。乙肝疫苗的接种率为26.1%(640/2455),0～10岁年龄组接种率最高为63.6%(7/11),学生的接种率高于其他组为76.5%(17/30),乙肝疫苗接种率城市高于农村。接种乙肝疫苗后,HBsAg阳性率和HBV流行率均明显降低(P<0.01)。结论铜陵地区HBsAg阳性率8.6%,HBsAg标化阳性率8.5%,高于全国平均水平;乙肝疫苗的接种率较低,尤其是农村人群。
Objective To understand the prevalence and prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the natural population of Tongling City, Anhui Province. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey the natural population in Tongling area and collect blood samples. The markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Among the 2455 people surveyed, the positive rates of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBcAb were 8.6%, 32.3%, 0.7%, 6.0% and 7.4% respectively. The prevalence of HBV (5 hepatitis B, The sum of the remaining positives) was 44.1% (1082/2455). The vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine was 26.1% (640/2455), the highest vaccination rate was 63.6% (7/11) in 0-10 years old group, and the vaccination rate of students was 76.5% (17/30) higher than the other groups. Hepatitis B Vaccination rates in urban areas are higher than in rural areas. After inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine, the positive rate of HBsAg and the prevalence of HBV were significantly lower (P <0.01). Conclusion The positive rate of HBsAg in Tongling area is 8.6% and the positive rate of HBsAg is 8.5%, which is higher than the national average level. The vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine is low, especially in rural areas.