技术创新、劳动生产率与产业结构

• 作 者: 许庆瑞 吴晓波
• 机 构: 浙江大学管理科学研究所,浙江大学管理科学研究所
• 出 处: 中国工业经济研究
• 发表日期: 2004年期
• 关键词: 产业结构 技术进步 技术创新 近代经济 规模经济 需求结构 历史过程 耐用消费品 扩散过程 工艺创新

从人类社会发展的历史过程来看,新产业的诞生或老产业的演化、整合、裂变乃至消亡,无一不是技术进步的结果。技术体系在本质上决定了产业结构的基本格局。如果说,历史上技术进步对产业结构的演变所起的作用,基本上是自发的话,那么近代经济格局的变化已经表明,这种作用已发生了根本性的变化,越来越多的国家正致力于运用各种政策手段能动地、有目的地、有步骤地推动技术进步,以促使产业结构更快地向更高层次演进。本文力图

Judging from the historical process of the development of human society, the birth of new industries or the evolution, integration, fission or even disappearance of old industries are all the result of technological progress. The technical system essentially determines the basic structure of the industrial structure. If the role played by technological progress in history in the evolution of industrial structure is basically spontaneous, the changes in the modern economic pattern have shown that this role has undergone fundamental changes. More and more countries are now Committed to using various policy instruments to actively, purposefully and step by step promote technological progress so as to promote the industrial structure to a higher level of evolution. This article tries hard