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目的:通过示范工作,评价示范点综合防治效果。方法:选择织金县城关镇荷花村、黔西县太来乡芭蕉村、习水县二郎乡莫洛村为示范点,进行为期1年的健康教育与健康促进和改炉改灶等综合防治措施。采取随机抽样方法,每村抽查30户农户家庭、30名家庭主户进行相关行为方式及地氟病防治知识知晓情况问卷调查,在各村小4~6年级学生中,每年级随机抽取1个班的学生进行地氟病防治知识知晓情况答卷调查。通过基线和评估调查对示范点的综合防治效果进行评价。结果:3个示范村回风铁炉正确使用率达90%以上,烧煤台灶正确使用率达88%以上,电炊具、液化气、沼气等清洁能源拥有率达100%,玉米、辣椒敞煤火烘炕率均在10%以下,玉米、辣椒密闭保存率达85%以上,玉米、辣椒食前淘洗率达90%以上,4~6年级学生地氟病防治知识知晓率达98%以上,家庭主户地氟病防治知识知晓率达85%以上。结论:示范点地氟病综合防治工作达到预期目标,取得较好防治效果。
Objective: Through demonstration work, evaluate the effect of comprehensive prevention and control of demonstration sites. Methods: We selected Heqiao Village, Chengguan Town, Zhijin County, Bajiao Village, Tailai Township, Qianxi County, and Moruo Village, Erlang Township, Xishui County as the demonstration sites for a one-year comprehensive education on health education and health promotion, Measures. A random sampling method was used to survey 30 households in each village and 30 households to conduct a questionnaire survey on the relevant behavior patterns and the knowledge of prevention and treatment of earth-water fluorosis. Among the students in grades 4 to 6 in each village, 1 Class of students to conduct awareness of fluoridosis prevention knowledge survey. Evaluate the comprehensive prevention and treatment effect of demonstration sites through baseline and assessment survey. Results: The correct utilization rate of return iron stoves in above three demonstration villages was over 90%. The correct utilization rate of coal stoves reached over 88%. The ownership rate of clean energy such as electric cooker, liquefied gas and biogas reached 100% The rate of corn and peppers confinement was above 85%, that of maize and peppers was over 90%, and the awareness rate of prevention and treatment of earth-flu disease in grade 4 ~ 6 students was over 98% , The knowledge of prevention rate of familial households over 85%. Conclusion: The comprehensive prevention and treatment of endemic fluorosis at the demonstration site has achieved the expected goal and achieved better prevention and treatment results.