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通过我国痘苗病毒天坛株(疫苗株)全基因组核苷酸序列的测定,对痘苗病毒基因组的一级结构进行了详细的分析,发现天坛株全基因组由189274个碱基对和碱基组成,与其它痘苗病毒株相比,在病毒基因组旁侧区限制性内切酶Hind Ⅲ-C,B及中央区Hind Ⅲ-A片段出现多个DNA片段的缺失和新的DNA片段的插入,这些片段中编码的某些多肽目前已知与病毒的生物学性状有关,对阐明痘苗病毒疫苗株与非疫苗株毒力上的差别及正痘病毒属成员的致病机理等方面的研究提供了线索.除此之外,有关病毒启动子、开放读码框架的分布特点、G+C含量及密码子使用频率等基因组结构特点的分析,也为研究基因表达的调控机制和利用该病毒作为载体进行基因工程重组疫苗的开发奠定了基础.
The primary structure of vaccinia virus genome was analyzed in detail by the whole genome nucleotide sequence analysis of the vaccinia virus Tiantan strain (vaccine strain) in our country. It was found that the total genome of Tiantan strain was composed of 189274 base pairs and base pairs, Compared with other vaccinia virus strains, deletion of multiple DNA fragments and insertion of new DNA fragments occurred in the HindIII-C and B regions of the side-by-side restriction endonucleases of the viral genome and in these fragments Some of the encoded polypeptides are known to be related to the biological characteristics of the virus and provide clues for elucidating the difference in virulence of vaccinia vaccine strains and non-vaccine strains and the pathogenesis of orthopoxvirus strains. In addition, the analysis of the structural features of the genomes such as the promoter of the virus, the distribution characteristics of the open reading frame, the G + C content and the frequency of codon usage, and the mechanism of gene expression regulation and utilization of the virus as a vector for genetic engineering The development of recombinant vaccines laid the foundation.