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目的:了解农村地区新生儿听力筛查及婴幼儿听力保健的现状,探讨适宜的听力保健模式。方法:对豫北农村地区县、乡两级医院进行调查研究,采取现场访谈、查看资料与宣传教育相结合的方法,对以上15家医院的95名医务人员(包括基层医院领导21名、医师及护士74名)和109名群众(包括住院孕产妇及家属)进行了调查,调查的主要项目为:新生儿听力筛查及婴幼儿听力保健的开展情况;“爱耳日”及新生儿听力筛查的知晓;开展新生儿听力筛查的需求及影响现阶段该项目推广的因素等。结果:15家被访医院均未开展新生儿听力筛查及婴幼儿听力保健工作;3家县级医院有开展该工作的意向;95名医务人员中知晓“爱耳日”的仅有3人;109名群众无一人知晓“爱耳日”。80%的医务人员知晓新生儿听力筛查;知道新生儿听力筛查的群众仅为30.3%。认为有必要开展听力筛查的医务人员占89.5%,群众为79.8%。影响现阶段听力筛查推广的因素为产妇住院天数短,农村基层单位缺乏仪器设备和技术力量及技术指导,产妇对有偿保健服务不易接受等。结论:在农村地区,医务人员和群众普遍有听力筛查的需求,但不了解获得听力筛查的途径和方法,缺乏婴幼儿听力保健基本知识。因此,在农村地区加大“爱耳日”及新生儿听力筛查的宣传力度,根据农村地区的特点,建立多种形式的听力保健模式,对于早日实现“人人享有健康听力”的目标,具有深远的历史意义和现实意义。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status of neonatal hearing screening and infant and child hearing care in rural areas, and to explore suitable modes of hearing and health care. Methods: To investigate and investigate the hospitals in the rural areas of North Henan Province at county level and township level. By means of field interviews and data and publicity and education, 95 medical personnel (including 21 leading doctors in primary hospitals, And 74 nurses) and 109 people (including hospitalized pregnant women and their relatives) were investigated. The main items surveyed were: neonatal hearing screening and the development of infant and child hearing care; Children’s hearing screening awareness; Neonatal hearing screening needs and the impact of the promotion of the project at this stage and so on. Results: Neonatal hearing screening and infant and child hearing care were not carried out in all the 15 visited hospitals. Three county-level hospitals had the intention to carry out this work. Only 95 out of 95 medical staff knew “Love Ear Day” 3 people; 109 people no one knows “love ear day ”. 80% of medical staff are aware of newborn hearing screening; only 30.3% of people are aware of newborn hearing screening. 89.5% of medical staff who think it necessary to carry out hearing screening, and 79.8% of the people. The factors influencing the promotion of hearing screening at this stage are short days of maternal hospitalization, lack of equipment and technical force and technical guidance of rural grass-roots units, and unacceptability of paid health care services by mothers. Conclusion: In rural areas, there is a general need for hearing screening among medical staffs and the general public. However, there is no understanding of the ways and means of hearing screening and the lack of basic knowledge of infant and child hearing care. Therefore, in rural areas to increase “love ear ” and neonatal hearing screening of publicity, according to the characteristics of rural areas, the establishment of various forms of hearing and health care model, as soon as possible to achieve "The goal, with far-reaching historic and practical significance.