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从古代以来,我们关于人与自然关系的理解始终存在着两种基本观点:自然中心主义和人类中心主义。前者将人归属于自然,后者将自然归属于人,但都是将人类与自然的关系对立起来。强调人是自然的一部分,就会将人消解于自然之中,造成自然对人的支配;认为自然是人的一部分,就会将自然消解于人之中,导致人对自然的奴役。从人与自然关系的本质上看,人即自然,自然即人。当人与自然世界在本质上融为一体后,关爱自然亦即关爱自己,关爱自己亦即关爱自然,保护自然环境就成为人不得不承担的道义。
Since ancient times, there have always been two basic views about our understanding of the relationship between man and nature: natural centralism and anthropocentrism. The former attributed human beings to nature, the latter attributed to human beings naturally, but opposed the relationship between humans and nature. Emphasizing that man is a part of nature can dissolve people in nature and cause nature to dominate people. He believes that nature is a part of man and naturally dissolves into man and causes man to enslave nature. From the essence of the relationship between man and nature, man is natural and man is natural. When people are in essence integrated with the natural world, caring for nature means caring for themselves and caring for oneself, that is, caring for nature and protecting the natural environment have become the morality one must shoulder.