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本研究分别基于线粒体的Cox1基因DNA条形码序列和12个蛋白编码基因序列,探讨我国雷州半岛红树林常见9种背眼虾虎鱼的分类与演化历程。采用Kimura双参数法计算遗传距离,基于邻接法(NJ)和最大似然法(ML)构建的系统进化树显示,属于背眼虾虎鱼亚科(Oxudercinae)的弹涂鱼属(Periophthalmus)聚为一枝,呈单系群;大鳍弹涂鱼(P.magnuspinnatus)与弹涂鱼(P.modestus)的平均遗传距离高达12.55%,分属分子系统树的不同分支,从分子水平证实了大鳍弹涂鱼为新纪录种。依化石记录标定的松散分子钟估算物种的分歧时间,推测背眼虾虎鱼亚科与虾虎鱼亚科(Gobiinae)及其它亚科于始新世晚期至渐新世中期(39.48~26.09 Mya)出现了明显的分化,到中新世(27.98~20.03 Mya),背眼虾虎鱼亚科的两栖类型开始出现。本研究表明线粒体Cox1条形码能清楚反映出虾虎鱼类亚科、属及种间分类单元的系统发育关系。
In this study, based on the mitochondrial Cox1 gene DNA barcode sequence and 12 protein-coding gene sequences, we discussed the classification and evolution of 9 species of dorsal goby in mangroves of Leizhou Peninsula. The genetic distances were calculated using Kimura’s two-parameter method. Phylogenetic trees based on Neighbor-Joining (NJ) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) showed that Periophthalmus belonging to Oxudercinae belonged to a single branch , Which were single-line group. The average genetic distance between P.magnuspinnatus and P.modestus was 12.55%, which belonged to different branches of the molecular phylogenetic tree. It was confirmed from the molecular level that P.magnuspinnatus was a new record species . Species divergence time was estimated according to the loose molecular clock calibrated by fossil record. It was speculated that Gobiinae and other subfamilies of Gobychias spp. And other subfamilies were in the late Eocene to mid-Oligocene (39.48 ~ 26.09 Mya ) Appeared obvious differentiation, to the Miocene (27.98 ~ 20.03 Mya), amphibious type goby subfamily began to appear. This study shows that mitochondrial Cox1 barcode can clearly reflect the goby subfamily, genus and interspecific taxon phylogenetic relationships.