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【目的】为同时满足新疆枣棉间作系统中枣与棉花的需水规律,不影响棉花产量的情况下,提高枣产量。在棉花播种至开花前不需灌水的情况下,对间作地枣树进行补水,揭示枣与棉花的产量、效益差异,以期为新疆枣棉间作系统的水分调控提供理论依据。【方法】分别于枣树萌芽期(4月下旬)和初花期(5月下旬)对枣树行补水,设置试验方案为补水1次、2次、对照(不补水),重复3次。生长季节定期测定枣树生长量,枣果成熟期测定标准枝的坐果数、单果重、产量,并测算间作棉花的单产。【结果】补水1次与2次后,枣树新稍增长量明显高于对照,灌水次数之间差异不显著;补2次水的坐果数略低于补1次和对照,但单果重和产量却显著高于其他2个处理;不同处理间棉花产量和品质无显著差异。【结论】枣棉间作系统中,应对枣树的萌芽期和初花期分别补水1次。这对提高枣树的生长、结实及产量非常有利,而对棉花的生长和产量没有影响。
【Objective】 In order to meet the water requirement of jujube and cotton in Xinjiang Zaozhu intercropping system at the same time, without affecting the yield of cotton, jujube yield was increased. In the cotton sowing to flowering without irrigation under the circumstances, the intercropping jujube tree water, revealing the yield and benefits of jujube and cotton, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of Xinjiang jujube intercropping system of water. 【Method】 The jujube tree was replenished with jujube trees in the budding period (late April) and early flowering (late May) respectively. The experimental protocol was set up as 1 and 2 times of water replenishment (no water replenishment) and repeated 3 times. Jujube growth was measured regularly during the growing season, fruit number, fruit weight and yield of the standard shoots were measured at ripening stages of jujube fruits, and inter-crop cotton production was measured. 【Result】 The results showed that the fresh increase of jujube was slightly higher than that of the control after one and two times of water replenishment, and the difference between irrigation times was insignificant. The yield was significantly higher than the other two treatments; no significant difference in cotton yield and quality between different treatments. 【Conclusion】 The jujube-cotton intercropping system should replenish the jujube tree in the budding and early flowering respectively. This is very beneficial to improve the growth, fruiting and yield of jujube, but has no effect on the growth and yield of cotton.