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图腾一词是1903年严复在翻译英国学者金克斯(Edwardjenks)的《社会通诠》时,最早介绍到中国的,它是英语 totem 的音译,此后便成为我国学术界的通用译语。实际上,图腾一词的读音、语义和文化内涵很可能来源于我国的古羌族语系,来源于中华的上古文明,是由于上古中华文化逐步传播的结果。摩尔根在他的《古代社会》中通过对北美土著居民的实地考察,指出图腾还有另外的读音“陶坦”(tauttan)或“多丹”(dodaim)。
Totem was first introduced to China in 1903 when Yan Fu translated Edwardjenks's “Social Interpretation”. It is a transliteration of English totem and has since become the common transliteration of Chinese academic circles. In fact, the pronunciation, semantics and cultural connotation of the word “totem” probably come from the ancient Qiang language family in our country. The ancient civilization originated from China is the result of the spread of ancient Chinese culture. In his “Ancient Society,” Morgan's field trips to Aboriginal peoples in North America point out that the totem has additional pronunciations “tauttan” or “dodaim.”