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目的了解中国结核病人中吸烟的情况以及吸烟的态度和行为状况,对制定综合性控烟及结核病控制措施提供参考依据。方法随机抽取浙江、河南、吉林3个省的937例结核病人,采用横断面研究方法进行调查。结果结核病人中,男性吸烟率为79.00%,女性吸烟率为15.58%,在男性病人中,50岁组的既往吸烟率最高,为92.06%,其次是40岁年龄组,为88.81%;在女性病人中,70岁年龄组的既往吸烟率最高,为31.25%。男性病人中,下岗人员的既往吸烟率最高,为87.50%;在女性中,农民既往吸烟率最高,为26.21%。平均开始吸烟的年龄为21.33岁,最早开始吸烟的年龄为8岁,最晚开始吸烟的年龄为51岁。36.50%的吸烟者每天吸烟在10～20支之间,35.02%的吸烟者吸烟量少于10支,85.80%的结核病人认为吸烟可以提神,84.48%的人同意吸烟有害健康,45.25%的人没有戒过烟,39.41%的人曾经戒过1～2次烟,15.31%的人有过3次以上戒烟史。结论结核病人中人群既往吸烟率明显高于一般人群,应加强结核病人控烟宣传,制定结核病控制与控烟策略相结合的综合性措施,在结核病防治机构实施。
Objective To understand the smoking status and behavioral status of Chinese TB patients and to provide a reference for the development of comprehensive tobacco control and control measures. Methods A total of 937 tuberculosis patients from 3 provinces of Zhejiang, Henan and Jilin were randomly selected and investigated by cross-sectional study. Results Among the tuberculosis patients, the male smoking rate was 79.00% and the female smoking rate was 15.58%. Among the male patients, the 50-year-old group had the highest previous smoking rate of 92.06%, followed by the 40-year-old group, which was 88.81% Among the patients, the 70-year-old group had the highest previous smoking rate of 31.25%. Among male patients, laid-off workers had the highest previous smoking rate of 87.50%; among women, the highest previous smoking rate of farmers was 26.21%. The average age for starting smoking is 21.33 years old, the earliest 8 years old and the oldest 51 years old. 36.50% of smokers smoke between 10 and 20 cigarettes a day, 35.02% smokers less than 10 cigarettes, 85.80% of tuberculosis patients think smoking can be refreshing, 84.48% agree smoking is harmful to health, 45.25% of people Did not quit smoking, 39.41% of people have quit smoking 1 to 2 times, 15.31% of people have had more than 3 smoking cessation history. Conclusions The prevalence of smoking in tuberculosis patients was significantly higher than that in the general population. Tobacco control should be strengthened for tuberculosis patients, and a comprehensive combination of tuberculosis control and tobacco control strategies should be developed and implemented in TB prevention and control institutions.