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目的评价南宁城市社区居民伤害预防干预效果,为城市居民社区伤害的干预研究提供科学的依据。方法根据世界卫生组织(world health organization,WHO)推荐的社区调查方案,采用多阶段随机抽样的方法在广西南宁市抽取被调查社区,并通过问卷调查的方法来获得干预前后的资料。干预过程主要采取了以健康教育为主的综合干预措施。结果干预后伤害发生率由28.34%降至14.06%,下降50.39%,干预前后发生率差异有统计学意义(2=32.04,P<0.001);多发性伤害发生率则由3.74%降至0.00%,干预前后发生率差异有统计学意义(2=19.28,P<0.001);伤害知识知晓率、正确认知比例分别由干预前的55.27%、71.60%上升至干预后的86.76%、89.52%,危险行为发生率也由干预前的57.79%降至干预后的33.12%,三者差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。结论以社区为基础的伤害干预,能提高社区居民伤害安全知识水平,有利于培养正确的态度和建立健康的行为,从而有效的降低伤害的发生率,是预防伤害的有效途径。
Objective To evaluate the effect of community injury prevention intervention in Nanning city and provide a scientific basis for intervention study of community injury in urban residents. Methods According to the community survey plan recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), the surveyed community was sampled in Nanning, Guangxi by multistage random sampling method and the data before and after the intervention were obtained through questionnaire. The intervention process mainly takes the comprehensive intervention mainly based on health education. Results The incidence of injury after intervention decreased from 28.34% to 14.06%, down by 50.39%, the difference was statistically significant before and after intervention (2 = 32.04, P <0.001); the incidence of multiple injuries decreased from 3.74% to 0.00 %, Respectively. The difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention rates was statistically significant (2 = 19.28, P <0.001). The rates of awareness and correct cognition of injuries were increased from 55.27% and 71.60% before intervention to 86.76% and 89.52 %. The incidence of dangerous behaviors also decreased from 57.79% before intervention to 33.12% after intervention, with significant differences among the three groups (all P <0.05). Conclusions Community-based injury intervention can improve the knowledge level of community residents’ injury safety, help to cultivate correct attitudes and establish healthy behaviors, so as to effectively reduce the incidence of injuries and is an effective way to prevent injuries.