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本文从分析若干工程溢洪道进口段的资料入手,将进口段的水力设计概括为低堰和大孔口的流量系数问题加以研究。对于实用断面低堰文中讨论了上游堰高,下游堰高,剖面形状等因素对流量系数的影响;得出不同水头下流量系数的经验公式。此外,对所收集的十个计算侧收缩影响的公式和图表作了评述。文中就所讨论的问题结合工程实例进行了分析。大孔口在河岸式溢洪道,混凝高坝的中孔和深孔,拱坝大孔口等设计上都有广泛的应用。文中对大孔口的水力设计方法,避免负压气蚀的布置型式等也综合一些资料做了阐述。本文可作为河岸式溢洪道,高坝中孔,深孔泄水道,拱坝大孔口出流水力设计的参考。
This article starts with the analysis of the data of some engineering spillway inlet sections and summarizes the hydraulic design of the inlet section as the flow coefficient of low weir and large orifice. For the weir with low profile, the effects of upstream weir height, downstream weir height, section shape and other factors on the flow coefficient are discussed. Empirical formulas of the flow coefficient under different head are obtained. In addition, a review was made of the ten formulas and charts collected to calculate the effects of side shrinkage. The article discusses the issues discussed with the engineering examples were analyzed. Large openings in the riverbank spillway, concrete high dam and deep hole, large aperture arch dam and other designs have a wide range of applications. In this paper, the hydraulic design method of large orifice to avoid the layout of negative pressure cavitation and other types of data are also described. This paper can be used as a reference for the design of outflow hydraulic design of river spillway, high dam mid-hole, deep-hole drainage channel and arch dam.