论文部分内容阅读
由于地理位置上处于北美和旧大陆西部之间,中国晚中新世的三趾马提供了重要的生物地层与生物地理信息。这些信息反映出晚中新世时期北美和欧亚大陆之间的动物群交流,同时也与当时的古环境变迁相关联。依据面部和牙齿形态以及肢骨比例,将中国的三趾马与欧亚大陆及北美的其他种类进行了对比。中国的三趾马可识别出两个分类类群,其中一个非系统发育意义上的类群包括 Hipparion dermatorhinum,H. weihoense,H. fossatum,H. hippidio-dus 和 H. coelophyes,这一类群与旧大陆西部的三趾马在形态上高度相似; 另一个为本土类群,包括 H. ptychodus,H. platyodus,H. tylodus,H. sefvei 和 H. plocodus,它们与其他地区的种类并无相似之处。前一个类群是中国北方草原型动物群中的典型分子,对欧亚大陆化石地点的生物地层对比相当重要; 后一类群与北美的三趾马( “Cormohipparion”属) 在面部形态上具有相似性,这些本土的三趾马是中国北方森林型动物群的分子。
Due to its geographical location between North America and the western part of the old continent, China’s late Miocene provides important biostratigraphic and biogeographical information. This information reflects the fauna communication between North America and Eurasia during the late Miocene and also with the paleo-environmental changes of the time. Based on the facial and tooth morphology and the ratio of the limbs, the Trimesi horses in China were compared with other species in Eurasia and North America. Three Chinese taxa recognize two taxonomic groups. One of the non-phylogenetic taxa includes Hipparion dermatorhinum, H. weihoense, H. fossatum, H. hippidio-dus and H. coelophyes, The western three-toed horses are highly similar in morphology and the other are indigenous groups, including H. ptychodus, H. platyodus, H. tylodus, H. sefvei and H. plocodus, which have no resemblance to the species in other regions. The former is a typical member of the grassland fauna in northern China and is quite important for the biostratigraphic comparison of fossil sites in Eurasia. The latter group has the same morphological features as the North American three-eared horse (“Cormohipparion”) Similarity, these indigenous three-eared horses are the molecules of the forest fauna in northern China.