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目的:研究磷、钾肥配施对秦艽主、侧根中4种环烯醚萜苷类成分积累规律的影响。方法:通过田间试验,采用磷、钾2个因素,8个处理的磷、钾肥效应试验的设计,研究磷、钾肥对秦艽主、侧根环烯醚萜苷类成分含量及分布的影响。结果:秦艽主根中4种环烯醚萜苷类成分总量始终大于侧根;常规施肥条件下,秦艽主根和侧根中4种环烯醚萜类成分总量分别为12.36%和9.84%,适当追施磷、钾肥将对秦艽主根和侧根中龙胆苦苷和马钱苷酸总量产生一定影响,对獐牙菜苦苷和獐牙菜苷的含量影响则较小;当磷肥适量时,增施钾肥可增大主、侧根之间4种环烯醚萜苷类成分的含量差异。结论:4种环烯醚萜苷类成分在积累过程中,更多地积累于秦艽主根中,磷、钾肥仅对主、侧根中4种环烯醚萜类成分差异大小有影响。在秦艽药材生产过程中,应注重磷、钾肥的施用,在关注其产量及有效成分含量的同时也应对其主、侧根中有效成分含量的差异性予以重视。
Objective: To study the effects of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the accumulation of four iridoid glycosides in main and lateral roots of Gentiana macrophylla. Methods: The effects of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the content and distribution of iridoid glycosides of Gentiana macrophylla and Gentiana macrophylla were studied by field experiments, two factors of phosphorus and potassium, and eight treatments of phosphorus and potash effect. Results: The total amount of the four iridoid glycosides in the main root of Gentiana macrophylla was always greater than that of the lateral roots. The total amount of the four kinds of iridoids in the main and lateral roots of Gentiana macrophylla was 12.36% and 9.84%, respectively, Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers will have some effects on the contents of gentiopicroside and horseradish glycoside in the main roots and lateral roots of Gentiana macrophylla, but have less influence on the content of swertia glycosides and STZ. When the amount of phosphate fertilizer is appropriate, Potassium fertilizer can increase the main and lateral root of the four iridoid glycosides glycosides content differences. CONCLUSION: The four iridoid glycosides are accumulated in the main root of Gentiana macrophylla in the accumulation process. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers only affect the content of the four iridoid constituents in the main and lateral roots. In the production process of medicinal materials of Gentiana macrophylla, attention should be paid to the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. At the same time, attention should be paid to the differences in the contents of active ingredients in the main and lateral roots while paying attention to their yield and content of active ingredients.