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汉语和法语属于不同的语系,前者为汉藏语系,后者为印欧语系,因此两种语言必然在语言特征和语法意义上存在差异。本文通过描述汉语和法语两种语言的总体特征,并对汉语和法语的名词、动词、语序、语法进行对比,从而提出了汉语和法语的不同点。在此基础之上,分析了母语非汉语的法国学生在学习第二语言汉语上容易产生的偏误,并针对偏误提出了相应的对外汉语教学策略,旨在为法国学生学习第二语言汉语提供有效的学习方法,掌握法语和汉语的异同,避免偏误产生。
Chinese and French belong to different languages, the former is the Sino-Tibetan language family, and the latter is the Indo-European language family. Therefore, the two languages must have different linguistic features and grammatical meanings. By describing the general characteristics of both Chinese and French languages and comparing the nouns, verbs, word order and grammar of Chinese and French, this paper proposes the differences between Chinese and French. Based on this, it is analyzed that the native French non-Chinese French students are prone to produce errors in learning second language Chinese. In addition, the corresponding strategies for teaching Chinese as a second language are put forward in order to learn the second language Chinese for French students To provide effective learning methods to master the similarities and differences between French and Chinese to avoid errors.