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环磷酰胺是一种治疗恶性肿瘤的有效化学药物。约有2～20%的病例在治疗中出现膀胱症状和发生不能止住的肉眼血尿,甚至引起死亡。作者在最近六年内观察到9例。环磷酰胺的主要剂量和它的分解产物均由肾脏排出。给药后9小时,约有30—40%的作用消失,但在停药后30天还可出现膀胱的毒性反应。动物实验证明,纯的环磷酰胺对膀胱不刺激,但其分解产物才对膀胱有毒性作用。这种分解产物的化学成份至今还不了解。环磷酰胺的总剂量与膀胱症状出现之间的关系尚不清楚(作者病例中约在57克到182克之间),而一次的剂量似更重要。作者看到总剂量虽然不大,但一次较大剂量即
Cyclophosphamide is a potent chemical used in the treatment of malignancies. About 2 ~ 20% of cases in the treatment of bladder symptoms and can not stop the occurrence of gross hematuria, and even cause death. The authors observed 9 cases in the last 6 years. The main dose of cyclophosphamide and its breakdown products are excreted by the kidneys. Nine hours after administration, about 30-40% of the role disappeared, but 30 days after stopping the bladder toxicity can occur. Animal experiments show that pure cyclophosphamide is not irritating to the bladder, but its decomposition products have toxic effects on the bladder. The chemical composition of this decomposition product is still unknown. The relationship between the total dose of cyclophosphamide and the presence of bladder symptoms is unclear (between about 57 and 182 grams in the case of the authors), with one dose being more important. The author saw the total dose is not large, but a larger dose that