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目的研究注射吸毒者作为桥梁人群通过性行为传播STI(性传播疾病)和HIV(艾滋病病毒)给性伴的现象,探讨桥梁人群和非桥梁人群传播HIV的危险性。方法采用横断面整群抽样方法,面对面进行结构化无个人特征信息的问卷调查。同时采血检测HIV、HCV(丙型肝炎)和梅毒抗体。结果312名吸毒者参加本次研究。确定是桥梁人群的吸毒者154人,占49.4%。在桥梁人群中有83.1%注射过毒品;35%(54人)在过去几个月内与他人共用针头或注射器;87%(134人)在过去1年有1个或更多商业性伙伴。53.5%的女性和8.2%的男性桥梁人群每次和商业性伴发生性行为时使用安全套。3.9%的桥梁人群和4.6%的非桥梁人群与固定性伴每次使用安全套。1名男性桥梁人群检出感染了HIV。58%(90/154)的桥梁人群和46.8%(74/158)的非桥梁人群检出感染丙肝(χ2=4.21,P=0.04)。24名(15.6%)桥梁人群和11名(7%)非桥梁人群检出梅毒阳性(χ2=5.82,P=0.02)。结论吸毒者中的桥梁人群传播STI/HIV的危险度较高。应加强吸毒人群的健康教育和相关行为干预。
Objective To study the phenomenon of injecting drug addicts (STIs) and sexual partners (HIV) into sexual partners through sexual behaviors as a bridge to explore the risk of HIV transmission among bridge and non-bridge populations. Methods A cross-sectional cluster sampling method was used to conduct face-to-face questionnaire survey without structured information. At the same time blood tests HIV, HCV (Hepatitis C) and syphilis antibodies. Results 312 drug addicts participated in this study. 154 people were identified as drug users of the bridge population, accounting for 49.4%. Of the bridge population, 83.1% had drugs injected; 35% (54) shared needles or syringes with others in the past few months; and 87% (134) had one or more business partners in the past year. 53.5% of women and 8.2% of male bridges use condoms every time they have sex with a business partner. 3.9% of the bridge population and 4.6% of the non-bridge population with fixed partners each time using condoms. A male bridge population was detected infected with HIV. Fifty-eight percent (90/154) of the bridge population and 46.8% (74/158) of the non-bridge population were infected with HCV (χ2 = 4.21, P = 0.04). Twenty-four (15.6%) of the bridge population and 11 (7%) of the non-bridge population were positive for syphilis (χ2 = 5.82, P = 0.02). Conclusion Bridges among drug users have a higher risk of transmitting STI / HIV. Health education and related behavioral interventions for drug addicts should be strengthened.