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本文介绍一种为热流量值传递而研制的“标准辐射热源”。简述了“标准辐射热源”的原理和结构,给出了它的技术指标。误差分析表明该“标准辐射热源”输出的热流值误差不大于±3％。“热流”是个物理量,表示在单位时间内通过单位面积的能量,单位是KW/M~2(或W/CM~2),用以描述研究对象的热状态。它广泛用于能源、燃烧、宇航等领域。为了测量热流的大小,我国各科研生产部门都根据各自的需要研制了各种类型的热流传感器供测量时使用。但是,计量部门没有热流量值的传递系统,不可能对各种热流传感器进行分度和检定,因而热流量值也不统一。为了解决各种热流传感器在量值上的统一问题,研制了一套“热流测量系统”,对各种热流传感器进行分度和检定以实现热流量值的统一。“标准辐射热源”是“热流测量系统”中热流标准值的输出装置,所达到的主要技术指标为: 1.温度范围:900℃～2000℃(若石墨发热体经热解涂层处理后,最高温度可达3000℃); 2.控温精度:≤±2℃/10分钟;3.“靶子”两侧温度对称性:≤±2℃;4.黑度系数ε:0.99±0.005。测定技术指标的实验数据由表(1)和表(2)给出。黑度系数ε为计算值。
This article presents a “standard radiant heat source” developed for the transfer of heat flow values. The principle and structure of “standard radiant heat source” are briefly described, and its technical index is given. Error analysis shows that the “standard radiant heat source” output heat flow error is not greater than ± 3%. The “heat flow” is a physical quantity, which means the unit of energy per unit area in a unit of time is KW / M ~ 2 (or W / CM ~ 2) to describe the thermal state of the subject. It is widely used in energy, combustion, aerospace and other fields. In order to measure the size of the heat flow, various research and production departments in China have developed various types of heat flow sensors for measurement according to their needs. However, the measurement department does not have the heat flow value delivery system, it is impossible to index and test various heat flow sensors, so the heat flow value is not uniform. In order to solve the problem of the unity of magnitude of heat flow sensors, a set of “heat flow measurement system” has been developed to conduct indexing and verification of various heat flow sensors to realize the unification of heat flow values. “Standard radiant heat source” is the output device of the standard value of heat flow in “heat flow measurement system”. The main technical indexes reached are as follows: 1. Temperature range: 900 ℃ ~ 2000 ℃ (If the graphite heater is pyrolyzed and coated, Maximum temperature up to 3000 ℃); 2. Temperature control accuracy: ≤ ± 2 ℃ / 10 minutes; 3. “Target” on both sides of the temperature symmetry: ≤ ± 2 ℃; 4 blackness coefficient ε: 0.99 ± 0.005. Experimental data for the determination of technical indicators are given in Table (1) and Table (2). Blackness factor ε is the calculated value.