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目的为紫苏合理栽培和综合利用提供科学依据。方法从2013年7月5日开始每隔25 d测定1次光合和生长指标。结果首次建立了紫苏干物质积累的Logistic方程。0~75 d为生长渐增期即苗期;76~84 d为花蕾期,85~95 d为开花期,花蕾期和开花期为快速生长期;96~125 d为生长缓增期即落叶期。叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素量的变化趋势一致,在开花期达到最高,而后逐渐下降;可溶性蛋白量的降低早于叶绿素量;希尔反应活力、Ca2+-ATP酶和Mg2+-ATP酶活性均为单峰曲线,均于花蕾期达到最高;苗期光合速率日变化为双峰曲线,但是其他时期的光合速率日变化呈单峰曲线;气孔导度和蒸腾速率的变化趋势一致。结论紫苏在开花期之前或落叶期之后收获为宜,且在生长速率最快到来之前实施促长措施。
Objective To provide a scientific basis for the rational cultivation and comprehensive utilization of perilla. Methods The photosynthesis and growth indices were measured every 25 days from July 5, 2013. Results Logistic equation of perilla dry matter accumulation was established for the first time. From 0 to 75 days, the growth stages were seedling stage, 76 to 84 days for the bud stage, 85 to 95 days for the flowering stage, bud stage and flowering stage for the rapid growth stage, and 96 to 125 days for the slow growth stage period. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and chlorophyll showed the same trend at the flowering stage, then decreased gradually; the amount of soluble protein decreased earlier than chlorophyll; Hill reactivity, Ca2 + -ATPase and Mg2 + -ATPase activities were both The peak value of photosynthesis rate at seedling stage was bimodal curve, but the diurnal variation of photosynthetic rate in other phases showed a single peak curve. The trend of stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were the same. Conclusion Perilla frutescens is suitable for harvesting before flowering or after leaf litter, and promoting growth before the fastest growth rate.