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目的 描述贵州省织金县人类免疫缺陷病毒 (humanimmunodeficiencyvirus,HIV)阳性吸毒者将自己感染状态暴露给其他人的比例和原因。方法 通过深入访谈的方式搜集 4 0名来自社区和戒毒所知晓自己HIV阳性的吸毒者的定量和定性资料。结果 85 % (34/ 4 0 )的研究对象将自己的感染状态暴露给家庭成员 ,其中 2 4人 (6 0 % )为自愿暴露 ,10人 (2 5 % )为未经同意的暴露 ,暴露的主要原因是希望得到家人情感上和物质上的支持。在获知自己感染HIV后 ,16人有吸毒的固定性伴 ,均把自己的感染状态暴露给了这些固定性伴 ;另外 4人有不吸毒固定性伴 ,其中 2人未将感染状态暴露给这些固定性伴。 75 % (30 / 4 0 )的研究对象把自己感染HIV的状态暴露给吸毒的朋友 ,暴露的主要原因是“劳教所不接收HIV感染者 ,害怕被劳教”、“吸毒者中感染的人也很普遍”。而仅有 12 .5 % (5 / 4 0 )的研究对象将感染状态暴露给其他亲戚或不吸毒的朋友。结论 大多数HIV感染的吸毒者愿意把自己的感染状态暴露给家庭成员和吸毒的朋友或固定性伴 ,这有利于HIV感染者得到来自家庭的关怀和医疗照顾 ,也有利于HIV阴性吸毒者了解吸毒同伴的感染状态。
Objective To describe the proportion and causes of HIV infection among HIV positive individuals in Zhijin County, Guizhou Province. Methods Through in-depth interviews, we collected 40 quantitative and qualitative data from community-based drug addicts who knew themselves as HIV-positive. Results 85% (34/40) of the subjects exposed their infection status to their family members. Among them, 24 (60%) were voluntary and 10 (25%) were non-consensual. The main reason is that I hope to get emotional and material support from my family. After learning that they were infected with HIV, 16 people had drug-using immobility partners who exposed their infection status to these anchoring partners. Four of them also had non-drug-use sexual partners and two of them did not expose their infection status to these Fixed partner. 75% (30/40) of the respondents exposed their HIV status to drug addicts. The main reasons for the exposure were “people who refuse to receive HIV in labor camps and are afraid of being re-educated”, “people infected with drug addicts also very common”. However, only 12.5% (5/40) of the subjects exposed the infection to other relatives or non-drug users. Conclusion Most HIV-infected drug addicts are willing to expose their HIV status to family members and addicted friends or regular partners, which helps HIV-infected people receive family care and medical care as well as help HIV-negative drug users understand Drug addicts are infected.